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Introduction Page (20)
Read the names of the animals in the box.
dog, zebra, tortoise, whale,
man, tiger, kangaroo, deer
cat, shark, elephant, camel
ape, dolphin, chimpanzee
Complete the table below with the names of these animals dividing them into two groups as indicated.
Answer :
| Intelligent animals | Not so intelligent animals | |
|---|---|---|
| Man | Cat | |
| Dolphin | Zebra | |
| Ape | Tortoise | |
| Dog | Kangaroo | |
| Elephant | Deer | |
| Chimpanzee | Camel | |
| Shark | ||
| Tiger | ||
| Whale |
In this lesson you are going to read a magazine article entitled Dolphins in Distress. The article contains some difficult words. Therefore, before you read, match the following words with their dictionary meanings, to help you understand the story better.
Page (21)
gregarious exceptional dummy prediction poaching emit porpoise evidence tremendous adorable peculiar interfere towing navigate impairs sonar sluggish hemp bait |
|---|
easy to love
Answer : adorable
food put out to catch fish or animals
Answer : bait
object made to look like and take the place of the real thing
Answer : dummy
send out
Answer : emit
proof
Answer : evidence
of high quality, unusual, not ordinary
Answer : exceptional
liking to live in a group
Answer : gregarious
plant from which fibre is taken to make ropes, nets, etc.
Answer : hemp
harms, makes less useful
Answer : impairs
prevent, stop from happening
Answer : interfere
to sail, move, swim
Answer : navigate
strange
Answer : peculiar
hunting without permission
Answer : poaching
fishlike sea animal, like a dolphin
Answer : porpoise
saying beforehand what will happen in future
Answer : prediction
not active, slow moving
Answer : sluggish
sound waves for finding the position of underwater objects
Answer : sonar
pulling a car, a ship etc. along with a rope or chain
Answer : towing
very great, wonderful
Answer : tremendous
Page (22)
Q. There are still some words from the article which may be unfamiliar to you. Use your head to puzzle out the meanings with the help of clues in the text itself. Then pick up the possible meaning from the alternative provided.
Extract How to puzzle out
Their playful antics, antics----> playful
high intelligence and ---->friendliness
natural friendliness have Possible meaning:
won them great (a) old things
popularity...... (Para1) (b) strange tricks
Answer - (b) strange tricks √
Seen cruising along cruising ---> ships
the bows of ships, -----> dolphins
the presence of dolphins Possible meaning:
was often taken as a (a) swimming
prediction of fair (b) sailing for
weather..... (Para 2) pleasure in an
unhurried way
Answer (b) sailing for pleasure in an unhurried way√
An aquatic mammal, aquatic--->porpoise
the dolphin belongs to ------->whales
the larger mammalian Possible meaning:
order Cetacean and is (a) fish
related to the porpoise (b) living in water
and the larger whales..
....... (Para 3)
Answer (b) living in water√
Their repertoire of tricks leaping over and
include leaping over and through objects
through objects, throwing repertoire--->
floating props...... (Para 4) ------> throwing
objects in a particular sequence, towing
floating props
Possible meaning:
(a) collection
(b) repetition
Answer (a) collection√
Very active and fast gamut--->large
swimmers with a ------> sounds
large gamut of sounds, Possible
dolphins almost seem meaning :
to speak to humans... (a) tunes
........ (Para 5) (b) whole range
Answer (b) whole range√
Apparently blind, as the compensated
eye lacks lens, Nature ----> blind
has compensated for ----> well
this loss in a remarkable developed sense
way. These dolphins have of hearing
a developed sense of Possible
hearing...... (Para 7) meaning:
(a) exchange
(b) make up loss
Answer (b) make up loss√
The Platanista Gangetica adapted
has survived and adapted --> survived
itself to living in a complex ---->complex
Indo Gangetic framework Indo Gangetic
........(Para 8) framework
Possible meaning:
(a) used to
(b) to become suitable for different, new conditions
Answer (b) to become suitable for different, new conditions √
READ WELL Page (27)
Read paragraphs 1 to 7 and complete the table below:
Paragraph numbers are given in the table to show where the information is available.
Dolphin species 1.Delphinidae
(Para 3) 2. Platenistidae
3. Stenidae
a) beluga
b) narwhal
Dolphin antics 1. higher in the intelligence
(Para 4) 2. leaping over and through objects
3.throwing objects in
a particular sequence
4. towing floating things
Species found Technical Name
in India Platanista gangetica
(Para 6) Local name susu
Places where found Ganga,
Brahmaputra, Karnaphuli and the Mahanadi rivers.
Characteristics a) sight apparently blind
of the susu as the eye lacks a lens
(Para 7) b) Hearing well developed
and refined
c) Skull(i)Shape
unusual cupped top
(ii) Uses of skull
a) helps in directing and
concentrating the
sounds produced
for echo-location.
b) identify minute objects and to differentiate between objects.
READ CAREFULLY Page (28)
Read paragraphs 8 to 13 and complete the flow chart to show the causes of reduction in the population of the Indian dolphin (Platanista gangetica)
LET'S SPEAK Page (29)
LANGUAGE PRACTICE
Complete the sentences below.
1. I like people who are honest .
2. I dislike people who are good on days when it is holiday.
4. We should visit places where there are historical monuments.
5. They like watching films which are full of action.
6. We respect teachers who love us and guide us.
7. Hari reads books which are meaningful.
8. Walks are pleasant on evenings which are cold and breezy.
9. Those students are good who obey their teachers.
10. I wear clothes which are in trend.
11. Amar visits friends on days when there is a festive season.
Look at the list below. Add three more to each list. Page (30)
Persons Places Things
1. policeman hospital tin cutter
2. gardener post office bus
3. teacher school book
4. doctor market chair
5. farmer police station car
Write a definition for each. Some examples are given.
a. A policeman is someone who directs traffic.
b. A hospital is a place where people go for treatment.
c. A tin cutter is a device which helps to open a tin.
Answers
d. A gardener is someone whose hobby is growing flowers in a garden .
e. A post office is a place where we post and receive letter and parcels.
f. A bus is a large vehicle which carries passengers from one place to another.
g. A teacher is someone who teaches.
h. A school is a place where children go and learn.
i. A book is a set of printed sheets of paper held together between two covers.
j. A doctor is someone whose job is to treat people who are sick.
k. A market is a place where people buy and sell things.
l. A chair is a piece of furniture having a back and four legs for a person to sit on.
m. A farmer is someone who works on a farm.
n. A police station is an office or headquarter of the police force of a district.
o. A car is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation.
Work in pairs. In turns read out to your partner each definition without the original noun. Then ask him / her guess to the noun. For example
Someone who directs traffic is a policeman.
ELABORATING A STORY
In pairs fill up the blanks below and complete the story.
Once upon a time there lived an old lady who was very kind and gentle. Her house was a little hut which was made up of mud and straw. Her neighbours were people who were woodcutters . In morning when there was no rain She used to go out to the forest to collect firewood.
On one of her trips she met a man who came running and shouting towards her. He told her of a strange animal which he saw in the forest. The lady was keen to go to the place where the animal was. So she set out alone. She walked through a dark jungle which was very dense She walked for hours and soon it became dark. She said, ' The man will come so I will wait. ' But the man's story was a lie. Suddenly she heard a loud scream which came from her behind For a minute she didn't move. She was terribly frightened. Then she saw a white figure which was very small It came nearer and nearer. The old lady turned and ran down the same path. She was panting and puffing when in front of her came the same man she met earlier.
Now read aloud your story for the class to hear.
LET'S WRITE Page (31)
You are an environmentalist who was sent to study the dolphin' s situation. After a month's study you have detected the causes of the decrease in dolphin population. Below is the beginning of your report. Complete it.
Survey Report of Dolphin Study
Allahabad : 17th February- 14th March 2015
The dolphin number count showed an alarming decrease. The survey has given a clear picture of the causes which are as under.
1. Poaching Fishermen largely depend on dolphin-poaching for their livelihood .They sell 1 kg of dolphin oil can for Rs 80. Due to the belief of medicinal properties of the meat and the oil there is a huge increase in poaching.
2. Increased river traffic has led to a tremendous increase in the boat traffic on the Ganges. As a result, the sound of the engines often impair the dolphins' sonar system.
3. The pollution and silting of river beds is getting worse and this interferes with the food chain of the dolphins.
4. Diversion of water for irrigation and construction of dams contribute to the destruction of the natural habitat of the Plantanista Gangetica.
5. Increased fishing : The use of nylon nets to trap the dolphins and the use of dolphin oil in preparing the bait to catch fish has led to their decrease.
It is recommended that the Environment Conservation Society meet at the earliest for further action to be undertaken.
Eliza Smith (Signature)
Note * - In the signature you have to write your own name. Don't write Eliza Smith!
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