ENGLISH LEARNING

What is Article Writing? An article is a written work which is published in a print or electronic medium. It is written for the purpose of delivering news, researching results, academic analysis or debate. An article is a piece of writing that is published in a newspaper or a magazine on a particular topic or subject. The main objective of article writing is to bring out some changes in the society or to the world in general by presenting facts or views. Format of Article Writing: Article writing consists of the following parts : 1. Heading or Title: The heading or title should be eye-catching . The length should not cross more than 5-6 words. 2. By Line : It simply means the name of the person writing the article. However, it is generally given in the question. 3. Body : The body is the main part of the article writing. It should at least be 3-4 paragraphs long. 4. Conclusion : It is the final paragraph of an article. It should consists of some suggestions, views, appeal,...

Important Question- Answers 1. What did the astrol og ers foretell as soon as the Tiger King was born? Answer : The astrologers foretold that the child would grow up to become the warrior of warriors. He will be the hero of heroes and champion of champions. They also added that 'one day the Tiger King would actually have to die. ' 2. What were the astrologers forced to do and why? Answer : When the Tiger King was born, the astrologers foretold that one day he would actually have to die. They were forced to explain what they meant by their forecast. Then they said, " The child born under this star will one day have to meet its death. " 3. How was the crown prince Jung Jung Bahadur brought up? Answer : The crown prince Jung Jung Bahadur was brought up like the crown prince of any other Indian state. He was brought up by an English nanny. He drank the milk of an English cow. He was taught English by an Englishman. He saw nothing but English films. 4. Why did the...

Important Question- Answers 1. Where was it most likely that Sophie and Jansie would find work after school? Answer : They were most likely to find work in a biscuit factory. They had already been earmarked for it. It was also possible that they could get work in some shop. 2. How does Sophie's father react when he learns of Sophie's meeting with Danny Casey? Does he believe her story? Answer : Her father was very angry to learn that Sophie had met Danny. He didn't believed it to be true. He expressed his displeasure by looking at Sophie in disdain. Later he said  , " This is another of your wild stories. " 3. How does Sophie include her brother Geoff in her fantasy of her future? Answer : Sophie is a very ambitious and outgoing girl. In her fantasy, she imagines herself riding behind her brother on his bike.  Her brother is wearing new, shining leathers and she is wearing a yellow dress. Her cape is flying out behind. She also imagines people rising to gree...

Important Question- Answers 1. How does Umberto Eco compare himself as an academic and as a novelist? Answer : Umberto Eco compared himself as an academic and novelist by saying that he was first an academic. Then he says that he was a university professor who wrote novels on Sundays. He also identified himself with the academic community and not with the novelist community. 2. Do you think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed? Give reasons. Answer : Yes. I think Umberto very much likes being interviewed. He answers each of Mukund's questions very patiently. He seems to be enjoying the interview all the time. He doesn't even show a trace of impatience or irritation. 3. How does Eco find the time to write so much? Answer : Eco says that each man has lots of vacant spaces in life. He made use of these vacant spaces for writing. He says that he is a university professor who writes novels on Sundays. 4. What was distinctive about Eco's academic writing style? Answer ...

THE THIRD LEVEL  - JACK FINNEY IMPORTANT - QUESTION ANSWERS   1. What does 'The Third Level' refer to in the story?  Answer - The Grand Central Station of New York has a subway from where trains run under the ground to different stations. It was known to have two levels of subway. No one had ever heard of any third level there. In this story, the mystery of there being a third level has been dealt with.  2. What did Charley's friends say about his stamp collecting?  Answer - They said it showed his desire to escape from a world that was full of insecurity, fear and worry. His stamp collecting gave him a temporary refuge from reality.  3. How does Charley define 'a first-day cover'?  Answer - When a new stamp is issued, stamp collectors buy some of these. They use them to mail envelopes to themselves on the very first day of the sale. The postmark proves the date. Such an envelope is called 'a first-day cover'. 4. What does Charley say about the first a...

POETS AND PANCAKES     - ASOKAMITRAN Short-Answer Type Questions  1. What has been said about Robert Clive's stay in Madras?  Answer - The upstairs make-up department of Gemini Studios was said to have been Robert Clive's stables. A dozen other buildings in the city used to be the places of his residence. He married a girl at St. Mary's Church in Fort St. George in Madras.  2. What does the writer say about the job of the make-up gang?  Answer- The writer says that these make-up man could turn with their potions any decent-looking person into a hideous monster. They made them ugly so that they might look presentable in the film.  3. Subbu is described as a many-sided genius. List four of his special abilities.  Answer- Subbu had the ability to look cheerful all the time. He was extremely loyal to the Boss. He was tailor-made for films and was a very talented actor. He could write very good poetry but generally he chose to address his poetry t...

INDIGO - LOUIS FISCHER IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWERS  1. Why do you think Rajkumar Shukla has been described as 'resolute ' man?  Answer : Rajkumar Shukla wanted Gandhiji to accompany him to Champaran. He wanted him to see the injustice done to the peasants. Gandhiji was too busy at that time but Shukla never left Gandhiji's side. In fact he followed him wherever he went. At last Gandhiji had to find time to go with him. It really shows how resolute Shukla was.  2. Why do you think the servants thought Gandhiji to be another peasant?  Answer : Gandhiji was very simple in his dress and manners. He looked very thin and had a dark complexion that is why the servants thought him to be another peasant.  3. List the places Gandhiji visited between his first meeting with Shukla and his arrival at Champaran.  Answer : Gandhiji's first meeting with Rajkumar Shukla was at Lucknow. Then they met at Calcutta. From there, they went to Patna. Shukla took Gandhiji to the hou...

IMPORTANT QUESTION - ANSWERS 1. From where did the peddler got the idea of the world being a rattrap?  Answer - While plodding his way, the peddler kept on thinking of his rattraps. Suddenly an idea came to his mind. He thought the whole world was also like a big rattrap.  2. Why was the crofter so talkative and friendly with the peddler?  Answer - The crofter was a lonely person. He had no wife or child. He was happy to have someone in his loneliness. That is why he was so talkative and friendly with the peddler.  3. How did the peddler rob the poor crofter?  Answer - The peddler knew where the crofter had kept his thirty kronor. As soon as the crofter left his cottage, the peddler came back. He smashed the window pane and took the money from the leather pouch.  4. What did the ironmaster tell the peddler about his own family?  Answer - He told the peddler that his wife Elizabeth was already dead. His sons were living abroad and there was no one at hi...

IMPORTANT QUESTION- ANSWERS  1. When did the writer join the Y. M. C. A pool and why?  A nswer - The writer had a childhood fear of water and wanted to get over this fear. The Y. M. C. A had a swimming pool. It offered an opportunity to learn to swim. So, the writer decided to join it.  2. What did the eighteen year old boy do to the writer and why?  Answer - The eighteen year old boy saw the writer sitting alone on the side of the pool. He cried, "Hi, Skinny! How would you like to be ducked? " With this, he picked the writer up and tossed him into the pool. 3. How was the writer affected by the misadventure at the pool?  Answer - It shook the writer badly. After some hours, he was able to walk back home. He was feeling very weak. He was trembling. He shook and cried when he lay on his bed. He couldn't eat anything and a terrible fear filled his heart.  4.Narrate briefly the writer's emotions and fears when he was thrown into the pool. Answer - At first, th...

LOST SPRING    - ANEES JUNG  Short - Answer Type Questions  1. Who was Saheb? What was his name? What was the irony about his name?  Answer : Saheb was a poor rag picker. His full name was Saheb-e-Alam. It means lord of the universe. But Saheb not even had shoes to wear. Thus there was deep irony in his name.  2. Who was Mukesh? What was his aim in life?  Answer : Mukesh belonged to a family of bangle makers in Firozabad. He did not like the life of a bangle maker. He wanted to be his own master. His dream was to become a motor mechanic.  3.What does garbage mean for the elders and the children in Seemapuri?  Answer : Garbage to the elders is gold. It is their daily bread. It means a roof over their heads. But for children it is even more. For them, it is a thing wrapped in wonder and for the elders it is a means of survival.  4. What kind of locality does Mukesh live in?  Answer : The locality where Mukesh lives is very dirty. The ...

THE LAST LESSON    - ALPHONSE DAUDET  I. Short- Answer Type Questions  1. What sights did Franz see on his way to school?  Answer : First of all, Franz saw Prussian soldiers drilling in an open field. Then he passed by the town hall and saw a crowd stood in front of the bulletin board. He wondered what the matter could be on the news.  2. What things tempted Franz to keep away from school?  Answer : It was very warm and bright day. Birds were chirping in the trees. Some Prussian soldiers were drilling in an open field. For Franz, it was far more tempting than going to school.  3. What did Franz see through the window when he reached his school?  Answer : Franz saw that his classmates were already in their places. His teacher, Mr. Hamel, was walking up and down in the classroom. He was holding his terrible iron ruler under his arm.  4. What was it that had brought the old men of the village to school?  Answer : The old men of the vil...

AUNT JENNIFER'S TIGERS    - ADRIENNE RICH  I. Read the given extract and answer the questions :    (i) Aunt Jennifer's fingers fluttering through her wool  Find even the ivory needle hard to pull.  The massive weight of Uncle's wedding band Sits heavily upon Aunt Jennifer's hand.  1. Name the poem and the poet.  Answer : The name of the poem is 'Aunt Jennifer's Tigers'. The name of the poet is Adrienne Rich.  2. What are Jennifer's fingers doing?  Answer : Aunt Jennifer's fingers are fluttering through her wool.  3. What do her fingers find hard to do?  Answer : They find it hard to pull the ivory needle.  4. What sits heavy on Aunt Jennifer's hand? Answer : The massive weight of Uncle's wedding band sits heavy on Aunt Jennifer's hand.  II. Short- Answer Type Questions  1. How is Aunt Jennifer doing her work with the wool?  Answer : Aunt Jennifer's fingers are fluttering through the wool. She finds it h...

A ROADSIDE STAND        - ROBERT FROST I. Read the given extract and answer the questions :  (i) The little old house was out with a little new shed In front at the edge of the road where the traffic sped,  A roadside stand that too pathetically pled,  It would not be fair to say for a dole of bread,  But for some of the money, the cash, whose flow supports The flower of cities from sinking and withering faint.  1. Name the poem and the poet.  Answer : The name of the poem is 'A Roadside Stand'. The name of the poet is Robert Frost.  2. Where had the roadside stand been set up?  Answer : It had been set up in front of an old house at the edge of the road.  3. What would not be fair to say and why?  Answer : It would not be fair to say that the roadside stand had been put up for a dole of bread. It was put up to sell some cheap common things.  4. What is that supports 'the flower of cities?  Answer : It is th...

A  THING OF BEAUTY - JOHN KEATS Important Textual Questions Read the given extract and answer the questions:  (i) A thing of beauty is a joy forever  Its loveliness increases, it will never Pass into nothingness; but will keep A bower quiet for us, and a sleep Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing. 1. Name the poem and the poet. Answer - The name of the poem is 'A Thing of Beauty'. The name of the poet is John Keats. 2. What has been said to be a joy for ever?  Answer - A thing of beauty has been said to be a joy for ever. 3. Does a beautiful thing lose its beauty? Answer - No, a beautiful thing never loses its beauty. Its loveliness increases day after day as we see it. 4. What has  a thing of beauty been compared to? Answer - It has been compared to a quiet bower. 5. What can a thing of beauty do for us? Answer- It can give us health of the body and peace of the mind. Short -Answer Type Questions  1. Do we experience things of beauty only ...

KEEPING QUIET                                                                           by Pablo Neruda   Important Textual Questions  Read the given extract and answer the questions: (i) Now we will count to twelve        and we will all keep still.       For once on the face of the Earth       let's not speak in any language,        let's stop for one second,         and not move our arms so much. 1. Name the poem and the poet. Answer - The name of the poem is 'Keeping Quiet'. The name of the poet is Pablo Neruda. 2. What does the poet ask us to do? Answer - The poet asks us to count to twelve and keep still. 3. What does he not want...

  AN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CLASSROOM IN  A SLUM - STEPHEN SPENDER Important Textual Questions  Q. Read the given extract and answer the questions: (i) Far far from gusty waves these children's faces.     Like rootless weeds, the hair torn around their pallor :     The tall girl with her weighed-down head. The paper -     seeming boy, with rat's eyes. The stunted, unlucky heir      Of twisted bones, reciting a father's gnarled disease,     His lesson, from his desk. 1. Name the poem and the poet from which the above extract has been taken? Answer- The name of the poem is 'An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum'. The name of the poet is Stephen Spender. 2. How have the children's faces described? Answer- The children's faces have been described as very pale. The children look like rootless weeds with their untidy hair hung around their extremely pale faces. 3. What has been said about the tall girl and the paper-seeming b...

MY MOTHER AT SIXTY SIX                           Driving from my parent's             home to Cochin last Friday            morning, I saw my mother,             beside me,             doze, open mouthed, her face              ashen like that             of a corpse and realised with pain            that she was as old as she             looked but soon            put that thought away, and             looked out at Young         Trees sprinting, the merry children spilling         out of their homes, but after the airport's      ...

ADVERTISEMENT WRITING What is an advertisement?  It is a kind of public notice or announcement that you put in a newspaper, magazine television etc. asking for or offering services or buying and selling property, goods etc. Advertisement are also used for providing information about missing persons, pets, lost and found etc.    Types of Advertisement- There are two kinds of advertisement:  (i) Classified Advertisement (ii) Commercial Advertisement What is Classified Advertisement?  It is a small advertisement that you put up in a magazine or a newspaper simply because you want to sell something or buy something, to find a job or offer one.  What is Commercial Advertisement?  These advertisements are often branded and have more elements, designs in their ads such as T. V.  commercials, billboards, web banners and many more. These are costlier than classified advertisement.  Important Features of Classified Advertisement : (i) Classified advert...